介绍

NVDA (NonVisual Desktop Access) 是适用于 Microsoft Windows 的免费开源屏幕阅读器。它由 NV Access 与全球贡献者社区合作开发。借助 NVDA 等工具，视力有问题的人使用计算机不再是问题。该程序是一个免费的解决方案，旨在充当视障人士使用计算机的通用网关，而无需太多麻烦。要了解有关 NVDA 的更多信息，请访问主要的 NV Access 网站。

软件截图

软件特点

NVDA 允许盲人和视力受损的人访问 Windows 操作系统和许多第三方应用程序并与之交互。
支持流行的应用程序，包括网络浏览器、电子邮件客户端、互联网聊天程序和办公套件
内置语音合成器，支持 80 多种语言
报告可用的文本格式，例如字体名称和大小、样式和拼写错误
鼠标下的文本自动播报和鼠标位置的可选声音指示
支持许多可刷新的盲文显示器，包括自动检测其中许多盲文显示器的能力，以及带有盲文键盘的盲文显示器上的盲文输入
无需安装即可完全从 USB 闪存驱动器或其他便携式媒体运行
易于使用的通话安装程序
翻译成 54 种语言
支持现代 Windows 操作系统，包括 32 位和 64 位变体
能够在 Windows 登录期间和安全屏幕上运行
在使用触摸手势时宣布控件和文本
支持常见的可访问性界面，例如 Microsoft Active Accessibility、Java Access Bridge、IAccessible2 和 UI 自动化
支持 Windows 命令提示符和控制台应用程序
突出系统焦点的能力

支持语音合成器

除了提供多种语言的消息和界面外，NVDA 还可以让用户阅读任何语言的内容，只要他们有一个可以说该语言的语音合成器。

NVDA 与 eSpeak NG 捆绑在一起，这是一款免费的开源多语言语音合成器。有关 NVDA 支持的其他语音合成器的信息可以在支持的语音合成器部分找到。

盲文支持

对于拥有可刷新盲文显示器的用户，NVDA 可以将其信息输出为盲文。还支持通过盲文键盘进行非缩略和缩略盲文输入。此外，NVDA 默认会自动检测许多盲文显示器。有关支持的盲文显示器的信息，请参阅支持的盲文显示器部分。

NVDA 支持多种语言的盲文代码，包括简写、非简写和计算机盲文代码。

更新日志

NVDA 2024.3
Aug 19, 2024
New Features
New key commands:
Added unassigned commands for vertical and horizontal scrolling of the mouse wheel, to enhance navigation on web pages and apps with dynamic content, such as Dism++. (#16462, @Cary-Rowen)
Added support for Unicode Normalization to speech and braille output. (#11570, #16466 @LeonarddeR).
This can be useful when reading characters that are unknown to a particular speech synthesizer or braille table and which have a compatible alternative, like the bold and italic characters commonly used on social media.
It also allows reading of equations in the Microsoft Word equation editor. (#4631)
You can enable this functionality for both speech and braille in their respective settings categories in the NVDA Settings dialog.
By default, after NVDA startup, you will be notified if any add-on updates are available. (#15035)
This can be disabled in the “Add-on Store” category of settings.
NVDA checks daily for add-on updates.
Only updates within the same channel will be checked (e.g. installed beta add-ons will only notify for updates in the beta channel).
Added support for the Help Tech Activator Pro displays. (#16668)
Changes
Component updates:
eSpeak NG has been updated to 1.52-dev commit 54ee11a79. (#16495)
Added new language Karakalpak.
Updated Unicode CLDR to version 45.0. (#16507, @OzancanKaratas)
Updated fast_diff_match_patch (used to detect changes in terminals and other dynamic content) to version 2.1.0. (#16508, @codeofdusk)
Updated LibLouis braille translator to 3.30.0. (#16652, @codeofdusk)
New braille tables:
Cyrillic Serbian.
Yiddish.
Several ancient languages: Biblical Hebrew, Akkadian, Syriac, Ugaritic and transliterated Cuneiform text.
Turkish grade 2. (#16735)
International Phonetic Alphabet. (#16773)
Updated NSIS to 3.10 (#16674, @dpy013)
Updated markdown to 3.6 (#16725, @dpy013)
Updated nh3 to 0.2.17 (#16725, @dpy013)
The fallback braille input table is now equal to the fallback output table, which is Unified English Braille Code grade 1. (#9863, @JulienCochuyt, @LeonarddeR)
NVDA will now report figures with no accessible children, but with a label or description. (#14514)
When reading by line in browse mode, “caption” is no longer reported on each line of a long figure or table caption. (#14874)
In the Python console, the last unexecuted command will no longer be lost when moving in the input history. (#16653, @CyrilleB79)
A unique anonymous ID is now sent as part of optional NVDA usage statistics gathering. (#16266)
By default, a new folder will be created when making a portable copy. A warning message will inform you if you try writing to a non-empty directory. (#16686)
Bug Fixes
Windows 11 fixes:
NVDA will no longer appear to get stuck when closing the clipboard history and emoji panel. (#16346, #16347, @josephsl)
NVDA will announce visible candidates again when opening the IME interface. (#14023, @josephsl)
NVDA will no longer announce “clipboard history” twice when navigating through the emoji panel menu items. (#16532, @josephsl)
NVDA will no longer cut off speech and braille when reviewing kaomojis and symbols in the emoji panel. (#16533, @josephsl)
Web browser fixes:
Error messages referenced with aria-errormessage are now reported in Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox. (#8318)
If present, NVDA will now use aria-labelledby to provide accessible names for tables in Mozilla Firefox. (#5183)
NVDA will correctly announce radio and checkbox menu items when first entering sub-menus in Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox. (#14550)
NVDA’s browse mode find functionality is now more accurate when the page contains emojis. (#16317, @LeonarddeR)
In Mozilla Firefox, NVDA now correctly reports the current character, word and line when the cursor is at the insertion point at the end of a line. (#3156, @jcsteh)
No longer cause Google Chrome to crash when closing a document or exiting Chrome. (#16893)
NVDA will announce correctly the autocomplete suggestions in Eclipse and other Eclipse-based environments on Windows 11. (#16416, @thgcode)
Improved reliability of automatic text readout, particularly in terminal applications. (#15850, #16027, @Danstiv)
It is once again possible to reset the configuration to factory defaults reliably. (#16755, @Emil-18)
NVDA will correctly announce selection changes when editing a cell’s text in Microsoft Excel. (#15843)
In applications using Java Access Bridge, NVDA will now correctly read the last blank line of a text instead of repeating the previous line. (#9376, @dmitrii-drobotov)
In LibreOffice Writer (version 24.8 and newer), when toggling text formatting (bold, italic, underline, subscript/superscript, alignment) using the corresponding keyboard shortcut, NVDA announces the new formatting attribute (e.g. “Bold on”, “Bold off”). (#4248, @michaelweghorn)
When navigating with the cursor keys in text boxes in applications which use UI Automation, NVDA no longer sometimes reports the wrong character, word, etc. (#16711, @jcsteh)
When pasting into the Windows 10/11 Calculator, NVDA now correctly reports the full number pasted. (#16573, @TristanBurchett)
Speech is no longer silent after disconnecting from and reconnecting to a Remote Desktop session. (#16722, @jcsteh)
Support added for text review commands for an object’s name in Visual Studio Code. (#16248, @Cary-Rowen)
Playing NVDA sounds no longer fails on a mono audio device. (#16770, @jcsteh)
NVDA will report addresses when arrowing through To/CC/BCC fields in outlook.com / Modern Outlook. (#16856)
NVDA now handles add-on installation failures more gracefully. (#16704)
Changes for Developers
NVDA now uses Ruff instead of flake8 for linting. (#14817)
Fixed NVDA’s build system to work properly when using Visual Studio 2022 version 17.10 and above. (#16480, @LeonarddeR)
A fixed width font is now used in Log Viewer and in the NVDA Python Console so that the cursor remains in the same column during vertical navigation. It is especially useful to read the error location markers in tracebacks. (#16321, @CyrilleB79)
Support for custom braille tables has been added. (#3304, #16208, @JulienCochuyt, @LeonarddeR)
Tables can be provided in the brailleTables folder in an add-on package.
Table metadata can be added to an optional brailleTables section in the add-on manifest or to a .ini file with the same format found in the brailleTables subdirectory of the scratchpad directory.
Please consult the braille translation tables section in the developer guide for more details.
When a gainFocus event is queued with an object that has a valid focusRedirect property, the object pointed to by the focusRedirect property is now held by eventHandler.lastQueuedFocusObject, rather than the originally queued object. (#15843)
NVDA will log its executable architecture (x86) at startup. (#16432, @josephsl)
wx.CallAfter, which is wrapped in monkeyPatches/wxMonkeyPatches.py, now includes proper functools.wraps indication. (#16520, @XLTechie)
There is a new module for scheduling tasks utils.schedule, using the pip module schedule. (#16636)
You can use scheduleThread.scheduleDailyJobAtStartUp to automatically schedule a job that happens after NVDA starts, and every 24 hours after that. Jobs are scheduled with a delay to avoid conflicts.
scheduleThread.scheduleDailyJob and scheduleJob can be used to schedule jobs at custom times, where a JobClashError will be raised on a known job scheduling clash.
It is now possible to create app modules for apps hosting Edge WebView2 (msedgewebview2.exe) controls. (#16705, @josephsl)